Verified Math, Not Guesswork
Every calculator here applies the standard formulas — amortization-grade precision for statistics, the exact quadratic formula with its discriminant, trial division with the square-root optimization for primes. The core logic passes an automated test suite checked against reference values: the classic standard deviation dataset, exact mile-to-kilometer factors, and known prime factorizations.
Need to convert units instead of compute? Jump to the Unit Converters category.